Hunting &Gathering | Agriculture | |
---|---|---|
small bands (25-250), semi-nomadic existence | sedentism, expanding population | |
seasonal migration | permanent living sites | |
wide variety of food sources (typically 350 plant varieties) | replaces diversity with monoculture | |
exploits territory extensively | exploits intensively | |
security through diversity | security through specialization | |
small (portable) tool kit | tool kit, technology expands exponentially |
Social Organization/Control
Hunting &Gathering | Agriculture | |
---|---|---|
communal life | private life, property increasing | |
little specialization in social or economic roles | social and economic specialization | |
gender roles (?) | gender-specific roles | |
relatively egalitarian | social hierarchy emerges | |
cultural/technical information is widely diffused | cultural/technical information expands and becomes a form of property | |
custom, tradition rule | coercion becomes necessary |